Paramount Skydance locked $24 billion in committed capital from three Gulf sovereign wealth funds Tuesday to backstop David Ellison's $110 billion acquisition of Warner Bros. Discovery. Saudi Arabia's Public Investment Fund, Qatar Investment Authority, and Abu Dhabi's L'Imad fund disclosed the financing structure in a Tuesday SEC filing. The transaction marks the deepest Gulf institutional commitment to a single U.S. media asset since Qatar's 2012 Miramax stake.
The $24 billion tranche represents roughly 22% of the total enterprise value and sits senior to Ellison's Skydance equity. PIF contributed approximately $11 billion, QIA $8 billion, and L'Imad $5 billion, according to two people familiar with the terms who requested anonymity because allocation details remain confidential. The funds receive preferred-return structures tied to combined theatrical and streaming EBITDA thresholds across the Warner Bros. and Paramount libraries. Closing remains contingent on FTC antitrust clearance, expected between Q3 and Q4 2025.
The financing architecture matters for three reasons. First, Gulf sovereigns now control veto rights over distribution windows longer than 45 days and any studio asset sales above $2 billion—a structural lever rarely disclosed in media M&A. Second, PIF's involvement extends its North American entertainment footprint beyond LIV Golf and Formula E into theatrical exhibition and streaming infrastructure, sectors the kingdom identified as priority allocations in its Vision 2030 blueprint. Third, the combined Warner-Paramount entity will hold approximately 18% of U.S. box office market share and north of 90 million global streaming subscribers, creating the second-largest vertically integrated studio after Disney. That scale matters for luxury brand integrations, live-event sponsorships, and tentpole franchise activations—categories where Gulf-backed entities are already spending aggressively.
Operators should watch three developments. FTC staff depositions begin in May 2025, with particular scrutiny on theatrical distribution and sports-streaming bundling. Any consent decree will likely force divestitures in either the Paramount+ sports tier or Warner's TNT Sports package. Second, the combined entity's upfront ad commitments for the 2025-26 broadcast year will surface in June, offering the first public read on advertiser confidence in the merged studio's reach. Third, PIF is exploring a separate $3-4 billion credit facility for studio land acquisitions in Riyadh and Doha, according to one person briefed on the conversations, which would signal Gulf intent to build physical production infrastructure rather than remain passive capital.
The Warner-Paramount combination now commands the second-largest English-language film library in the world and exclusive windows on 11 of the top 50 domestic box-office franchises. Gulf sovereigns just bought structural influence over where those titles premiere, how long they stay exclusive, and which markets see them first.